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Mary Louisa Armitt
Mary Louisa Armitt (31 July 1851 – 24 September 1911) was a British polymath. She was a teacher, writer, ornithologist and philanthropist. She was the funder and founder of the Armitt Library, Ambleside.
==Life==
Armitt was born in Salford in 1851. She was one of three gifted daughters who were born to William and Mary Ann Armitt (née Whalley). All three girls wrote, and they all attended Islington House Academy, but each specialised in a different subject.〔Eileen Jay, "Armitt, Mary Louisa (1851–1911)", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004 (accessed 12 Nov 2015 )〕 This academy was in Salford and it trained people to teach along Pestalozzian principles.〔(British Pestalozzism in the 19th century: Pestalozzi and his Influence on British Education ), J.A.Bown, page 164, 1986, PhD thesis, Bangor University, Retrieved 29 November 2015〕 Sophia, who was born in 1847, took botany and art while her younger sister Annie Maria, who was born in 1850, studied English literature. Mary—who was known as Louie—was the youngest and excelled at music and natural history. She was educated at the Mechanics' Institute in Manchester as soon as she was of age.〔
The three sisters were all teenagers when their father died. They were well educated so they established a school at Eccles in Lancashire. The eldest child at the school was fourteen, which was only a year younger than Armitt. The three girls spent their spare time attending recitals, art exhibitions, and lectures. They wrote, sketched, and discussed natural history at meetings. Armitt and Sophie both discussed their ambitions with John Ruskin, who encouraged Sophie to study art but told Armitt not to write but to devote herself to women's activities. Luckily Armitt eventually ignored Ruskin's advice and began regular contributions to the ''Manchester City News'' in 1877.〔 She was assisted in her studies by a scholarship from Trinity College, Cambridge and by becoming a reader at the Bodleian Library in Oxford.〔(Armitt Sisters ), Armitt Museum and Art Gallery, Retrieved 12 November 2015〕
In 1886 Armitt and Sophie retired to Hawkshead, near where Annie was already living, and continued their cultural interests, talking to artists, writers and educationalists like Charlotte Mason and Frances Arnold. Mason, who ran a school for governesses, was publishing the ''Parents Review'',〔("Parents' Review" ), AmblesideOnline Parents' Review Article Archive, Retrieved 11 November 2015〕 and Mary contributed articles for it. By 1894 Annie was a widow and had moved in with her sisters〔 and Armitt was so ill with heart trouble that she was prevented from travelling far. She mitigated this by joining the London Library.〔 In 1897 she published ''Studies of Lakeland Birds'', a book that gathered together articles from the ''Westmorland Gazette''.
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